| Arthur Garfield Hays | in context | images |
- Arthur Garfield Hays, Hays; Synonyms: Hays; United States lawyer involved in several famous court trials (1881-1954).
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
'Arthur Garfield Hays' (1881-1954) was born in Rochester, New York, on December
12, 1881. His father and mother, both of German descent, belonged to prospering
families in the clothing manufacturing industry. After graduating from Columbia
College in 1902 and Columbia Law School in 1905, Hays formed a law firm with two
of his former classmates that gained prominence representing German interests in
World War I.
Hays was active in civil liberties issues before becoming general counsel for
the American Civil Liberties Union in 1920. From this point one can recognize
the emergence of what many have called Hays's "dual personality," in which he
became a wealthy lawyer who represented the interests of power and fame (his
more prominent clients ranged from Wall Street brokers and best-selling authors
to notorious gamblers and the Dionne quintuplets)--while at the same time
vigorously defending the individual liberty of victims of discriminatory laws.
The list of famous cases in which Hays took part is lengthy, including the
Scopes trial (often called the "monkey trial") in 1925 in which a school teacher
in Tennessee was tried for teaching evolution; the Sacco and Vanzetti case in which two Italian anarchists in
Boston were put to death in 1927 for a murder they denied committing; and the
Scottsboro case where eight black men from Alabama were condemned to die in 1931
for allegedly attacking two white women. Hays also attended the Reichstag trial
in Berlin on behalf of Georgi Dimitrov, a Bulgarian Communist accused by the
Nazis in 1933 of burning the Reichstag.
In addition to his work as a lawyer, Hays wrote numerous books and articles. As
a gifted writer and eloquent debater, he added his perspective to virtually
every individual rights issue of his day. His autobiography, entitled City
Lawyer: The Autobiography of a Law Practice (1942), provides a colorful account
of his more noteworthy cases, and his articles and book reviews demonstrate his
wide-ranging knowledge of a nation and a world experiencing dramatic change in
the way individual rights were perceived.
Hays married Blanche Marks in 1908 and divorced her in 1924. They had one
daughter, Mrs. Lora Spindell. He married Aline Davis Fleisher in 1924, who died
in 1944. They also had a daughter, Mrs. Jane Butler. After more than four
decades at the center of the individual rights debate, Hays died of aheart
attack on December 14, 1954.
* This article uses material from Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License
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